Steam-boiler and furnace



(No Model.) 3 Shets-Sheet 1.

G. A. AYER.

STEAM BOILER AND FURNACE. No. 455,698. yatented July 7,1891,

(no Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2. G.A.AYER. STEAM BOILER AND FURNACE.

A No. 455,698;

PatentedJuly '7, 1891,

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G.A.AY.ER. STEAM BOILER AND FURNACE.

No. 455,698. Patentgd-July 7, 1891.

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UNITE STATES P TENT OFFICE.

GEORGE A. AYER, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ssIeNoR To THE COMPLETE COMBUSTION COMPANY, OF PORTLAND, MAINE.

STEAM-BOILER AND FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 455,698, dated July '7, 1891. Application filed October 3, 1890- SerialNo. 366,926- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. AYER, of IVorcester, in the county of WVorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stea1n-Boil-.

ers and Furnaces, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

This invention is in the nature of an iinso provement upon the apparatus shown in Let- I ters Patent of the United States No.39l,13l,

granted December 4, 1888, to Post and Sawyer for steam-boiler and furnace. Said apparatus embodied in a downdraft-boiler a.

drawn from the bottom of the boiler beneath the fire-box,the supply-pipes extending thence obliquely upward and forward to the waterbox, from which the grate-tubes run rearward- 1y to the water leg or back. By this construction the water leg or back is relieved from much of the weight and strain borne by itin said prior apparatus, the circulation is much improved by drawing water from the bottom of the boiler, and the caloric-current is caused to impinge twice against and to run nearly parallel with the supply-pipes in its course 3 5 from the fuel-chamber downwardly between the grate tubes and the supply-pipes and rearwardly passing the lower ends of the supply -pipes. Said current then rises into a chamber in rear of the water-leg and passes to front or rear through ordinary boiler-fines to the uptake, or it may rise through vertical fines, as in the construction shown in said patent.

The several features of my invention are 4 5 hereinafter described, and are particularly referred to in the appended claims.

In the drawings my invention is shown as embodied in a boiler having within a single cylindrical shell two distinct fire-boxes, each supplemented by its set of horizontal flues running above it from the vertical extension of such fire-box to the uptake, so as to provide for two independent fires, either of which may be used without the other, or both in concert.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on the line a: x of Fig. 2, and Figs. 2 and 3 are respectivel y front and rear end elevations, onehalfof each figure in vertical section on the lines y 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. i is a modification.

A is the external shell, and B Bthe fire.- boxes placed side by side and somewhatapart from each other in the lower part of the shell A. The fireboxes are preferably corrugated steel cylinders to insure the maximum of strength. The front end of each is shown protruding through a collarCin the end wall of the boiler, while the other end is at its lower half secured to the inner plate of the rear water-containing wall D.

E represents a rigid depending water leg or wall closing the upper half of the fire-pot at a suitable point, leaving behind it an upright chamber Fas avertical extension of the combustion-chamber.

Gr is the water-grate formed of a series of parallel tubes entering at their inner ends the water-leg E and at their outer ends the transverse water-box H, which box is independent of the walls of the fire-box, so that itcan yield with the expansion and contraction of the grate-tubes.

J J are water-supply pipes running from the water-box H through the bottom of the fire-box and bringing water thus from the lower portion of the boilerthrough the water- -box and tubular grate into the water-leg E.

The pipes J J extend obliquely from the water-box H, preferably to a point nearly under the water-leg E, where they are furnished 0 with an elbow or formed on a curve J, such elbow or curved part of the pipe running about radially toward and through the lower part of the shell of the fire-box. By making these pipes radiate to rightand left, as in Fig. 9 5' 2, a wide space is given for raking out ashes from beneath the grate and access for workmen to enter the chamber F is afforded. I prefer to form bosses or pockets 7L on the lower part of the water-box to receive the ends of the supply-pipes J. Man-holes K are provided between and on either side of the fire-boxes, and strong stay-rods L, stay-bolts M,' and curved supports N are furnished.

P P represent boiler-flue tubes, in this instance running horizontally above the fireboXes from the upright chamber F forward to the uptake Q, (indicated by dotted lines at the left of Fig. 1.) The caloric-current,after acting upon the water-walls on all sides of said chamber, passes through the lines and escapes upwardly. A perforated pipe B may receive steam from the upper part of the boiler and can be coupled to an external pipe to convey it to any desired point.

The flue-tubes of the boiler are arranged in two distinct series, each appertaining to one of the fire-boxes and each secured at the inner end to the metallic shell or wall of the vertical extension F rising from the fire-box, a broad water-space being reserved between said shells or chambers themselves and between each and the side walls A of the boiler. Thus each fire-box may be operated without the other, if desired.

In the modification, Fig. 4, the supply-pipes J run from the water-box H obliquely to the lower part of the boiler and penetrate the rear wall of the chamber F at the bottom of the fire-box,' instead of going through the bottom itself. With this construction, which forms a partof my invention, similar results are obtained, the circulation is approximately the same, the bracing effect of the truss is secured, with .freedom of expansion to gratetubes and supply-pipes, and the heat applies to such tubes and pipes in substantially the same way.

I claim as my invention 1. The fire-box formed with a depending water leg or wall and the water-grate connecting at its inner end directly with the lower part of such leg orwall, in combination with the water-box connected to the opposite end of the grate-tubes, and with the feedpipes leadingobliquely upward from the lower part of the boiler to said water-box, whereby wateris supplied from the bottom of the boiler direct to the grate, substantially as set forth.

2. The fire-box formed with a depending water leg or wall and the independent waterboX free from attachment to the fire-box shell, in combination with the water-grate connecting said water-leg and box, and with the oblique and radially-arranged supply-pipes connecting said water-box with the bottom of the boiler, substantially as set forth.

3. The boiler-shell A, fire-box B, inclosed therein, and depending water-leg E, with the vertical chamber F behind it, in combination with the water-grate G, box H, and supply- Tpipes J within the fire-box, and the tines P,

leading from said chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. The boiler-shell A, fire-boxes B B, with their respective vertical extensions F F separated by a water-passage and placed side by side within said shell, and the distinct series of flnes P P appertaining thereto, in combination with a Water-grate suitably supplied with water, and a depending Water leg or back enforcing a downward draft through said grate, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 15th day of July, A. D. 1890.

GEORGE A. AYER. 

